PERSONAL EXPERIENCE
Three years back I got interested in analyzing the procedure which is used by battery maintenance shops. They purchase Sulfuric in drums and then mix it with tap water in 66 % by volume. They say that chemical reaction causes the water to boil which remove the oxygen molecules from the mixture hence results in giving up gravity of 1250 which they pour it in car batteries. Batteries run fine for year or two whereas I think if it is all about removing impurities from car batteries then they are making a mistake by adding tap water which would off course boil the water but would not guarantee the removal of impurities present inside the water. I have six batteries of 200 Amps each in my office which can support 15 computers during heavy load shedding. In order to overcome the Myth, I purchased a drum of Sulfuric Acid and have mixed it with distilled water which I have produced it in my own lab. I took all my batteries outside and have flushed it with tab water to remove all the deposits present inside the batteries. Flush was performed multiple times then batteries were refilled with Acid of 1250-1270 gravity prepared within my office compound. Since, electrolyte was prepared with distilled water and UPS was properly adjusted so even at the end of the third year my batteries are able to provide 90 % backup time as compared to the time of purchase, even after excessive load shedding of 1 hour?s; 5-6 times a day from last three years. Flush is a periodic exercise which is performed at least once a year also I have adjusted the output of my UPS to charge per battery at rate not more than 8 Amps. So basically the right ups settings along with a good electrolyte and distilled water prepared in my own lab used for topping up the batteries later made the difference.
That?s is not something difficult as my entire intent is to educate my audience regarding these simple techniques which will give you years of trouble free service.
NOTE: ELECTROLYTE GRAVITY IS ADJUSTED ONCE IN START, LATER YOU POUR DE-IONIZED OR DISTILLED WATER FOR TOPPING UP. CHANGE IN S.G LATER IN ANY CELL POINTS TOWARDS A PROBLEM AREA. AT THIS STAGE, YOU NEED TO ADDRESS THE ISSUE EITHER BY LOOKING AT UPS ADJUSTMENT, EITHER IT?S BECAUSE OF BAD ELECTROLYTE OR NEEDS A FLUSH.
LESSONS LEARN:
1) If electrolyte is prepared with tab water then batteries will die much earlier than its actual life.
2) Wrong UPS settings is yet another major factor which contributes in killing your batteries much earlier.
3) With wrong combinations of both, you will start to experience problems with batteries within first three months. Having understood the issue, My two 220 AMP-HR batteries connected with my UPS at home powers the entire house lighting, fans and runs flawlessly without much reducing the electrolyte and backup time even after two years.
HOW TO ADJUST UPS
Most of us are using the similar local UPS sold in market. The only problem with these UPS is that they have few parameters which most of the times are not adjusted properly. Now once you buy these UPS then try to get it adjusted at shop before bringing it to your home.
By rule of thumb the maximum allowable charging rate of Lead Acid batteries are its Amp Hour rating divided by 10. For 145 AH battery; the correct charging rate is 145 AH/10 is 14.5 Volts. Anything above this would be termed as fast charging which would damage your batteries in long run. Slow charging is good for batteries but if intensity of load shedding is frequent then probably batteries won?t be prepared before it enters next cycle of load shedding. So you need to look into your circumstances before adjusting this figure but in circumstances you should go above maximum allowable charging rate.
You should always ask local UPS shops to adjust these parameters according to specification given below. If you are interested in learning them then ask him to do it in front of you. Mark those parameters with paper tape so that you don?t forget once you do it yourself. Also try to work these settings in your mind first so that you may directly dictate the electrician.
- These UPS have a PCB card which has many variables.
- These variables can be adjusted using a screw driver.
- During load shedding the Output of the UPS is much more than normal Voltage.
- Adjust the variables such that your Output Voltage should never exceed 265 Volts once batteries are fully charged and put into backup mode.
- Adjust such that once output voltage reaches 220 Volts then your UPS should trigger the alarm and should shutdown within 10 seconds.
- Adjust the charging rate of each battery such that (AMP HOUR rating divided by 10). E.g For 200 AMP-HR batteries, I can keep it somewhere closer to 15 Amperes but will never exceed 20 amperes.
- Slow charging is very good for batteries but look into your circumstances as batteries will take more time to charge its self and you need to the batteries to be prepared for next cycle of load shedding.
- UPS should stop charging your batteries once the output voltage two batteries connected in series reaches 28 Volts and for single battery UPS system, it reaches 14 Volts. This is termed as cutoff Voltage.
- During Load shedding, once output of batteries (where two batteries are connected in Series) reaches 21 Volts then Alarm should trigger and UPS must be shut down immediately. Also note the output of UPS at that instance as it should not be less than 220 Volts otherwise sensitive electronic equipments such as TV?s, computers and routers will start to restart its self.
- Always keep your UPS line separate from main line.
- Your UPS should shutdown immediately if load exceeds the maximum capacity. UPS shops have different bulbs installed on board with different Powers to adjust these settings on UPS system.
- Always test under full load so that you are aware about the maximum load your UPS can take. Now, your computers should be safe under these configurations.
- You will need a good quality Voltmeter and AMP meter.
- Since chemical properties of battery?s changes the entire year so you will have to check your tuning after every few months which you can easily do with help of a Voltmeter, Amp-meter & hydrometer.
PREPARING ELECTROLYTE:
I don?t recommend that you prepare the electrolyte at home as mixing sulfuric acid with distilled water produces a lot of heat which can severely hurt any individual. If you can buy the electrolyte of 1250 gravity from some company like PRYO chemicals then that?s a best possible scenario. Otherwise, follow below.
HOW TO PRODUCE DISTILLED WATER
It is very easy to produce distilled water at home. By distilled water we simply refer to the water which is heated then it changes its form into steam. Steam should be allowed to pass through some system where it can condense so that it may change its form back into liquid and this liquid can be collected in some separate container. This liquid will be free from all sorts of impurities and is called distilled water.
I have used a pressure cooker, air conditioning coils, rubber pipes, two plastic containers one for dipping the coils into cold water so that steam inside the coil can change its form back into liquid and other end connected to rubber pipe so that now distilled water can be collected into a second plastic container.
HOW TO MIX ACID WITH DISTILLED WATER
Specific gravity is measured in (kg/cu.m) for your reference as I won?t be repeating these symbols during this topic afterwards. Water has a specific gravity of 1000 where as Sulphuric acid has specific gravity of 1800. Once you mix 66% (in volume) of distilled water in 34% (in volume) Sulphuric Acid then you should get a gravity of 1240. But normally you end up getting a gravity of 1400 as lot of distilled water is evaporated during this process due to heat being generated. You can make later adjustments using distilled water once Acid has cooled down as at that time no heat will be generated. Always remember that battery will show increased gravity once charged and reduced gravity once discharged. Initially aim for gravity of 1250 and then you can take the reading after a week and make fine adjustments by using electrolyte prepared earlier of 1400 gravity or 1350.
Always pour Acid on distilled Water not distilled water on Acid.
Wear Rough Clothes, Glasses and gloves if possible.
Keep the Acid and Mixture out from the reach of Children.
- Lot of heat would be generated during this process so be very careful.
- Always Use plastic Container not Metal.
- Mixture will take minimum 24 hours to cool down.
- Never pour the mixture inside the battery once it?s hot.
- 64 % distilled water should be Mixed with 36 % Acid by Volume.
- You may end up getting a gravity of 1400.
- Keep hydrometer with you and only check once fluid has cooled down.
- You can perform later adjustments by pouring more distilled water on the mixture once it has cooled down and at that time no heat will be generated.
- Use Plastic bottles to store the mixture.
- Always Label it as ?Very Dangerous Sulphuric Acid with Gravity ABC ?.
- Keep it in safe place where no one other then you can touch it.
Container used for producing the mixture should never again be used for taking bath.
Don?t allow anyone to misuse the Acid for hurting anyone.
HOW TO PERFORM FLUSH
Procedure which I follow is that I fully charge my batteries, then take the batteries outside, drained the electrolyte in proper sewerage line while I already have an access to new electrolyte which was prepared earlier before performing this procedure and have the batteries flushed it with tap water 5-6 times. Later put the battery in upside down position for 30 minutes before pouring new electrolyte back in.
DIAGNOSING ISSUES WITH UPS SYSTEM (BATTERIES AND UPS)
KNOW YOUR SITUATION:
Electricity outrage in Pakistan varies, sometimes after every 6 hours in few places and sometime after every hour for next three hours. UPS might be perfectly tuned but may fail to cope up with changing situation. Charging rate which may be properly set up for winter season or for few areas may not be able to cope up with high demand once electricity outrage will be more frequent. Under these scenario, first your ups may not be able to give desired performance and secondly your batteries may be exposed to damage which may result from remaining discharge for an extended period. It is very important that two variables must be properly adjusted on UPS, the first one is low cut off voltages and second one is the charging rate which may require adjustments as per the situation as highlighted above.
LOW CUT OFF VOLTAGE: This variable is set to 10.3Volts and UPS should trip once voltage on battery terminals reaches this voltage. As extended discharging will surely damage the batteries very soon once voltage on battery terminal will drop below 10.3Volts.
CHARGING RATE: this much be adjusted in accordance to your situation, you should know the maximum allowable charging rate, slow charging is good for batteries but once electric outrage is more frequent and for long duration then you should try to increase the charging rate till ups is able to charge the batteries within hour or two.
For example, If you have two batteries of pheonix UGS 215, whereas the company?s wesite site says that its AMP-HR rating is 160AMP-HR and charging rate is set to 7Amperes then use the formula of maximum allowable charging rate AMP-HR/10 which in this case comes out to be: 160/10=16, try to increase the charging rate till 10 Amperes or 14 Amp but never exceed 16 Amperes. Then try to observe if next time UPS charges the battery in needed time or not and correspondingly you can make the fine adjustments.
Charging rate is set by attaching the AMP meter on battery wire, then slightly turning the charging rate variable on PCB board while ups is still charging the batteries. Either it?s going to increase or decrease which you can easily see on amp meter.
TWO MOST IMPORTANT VARIABLES: CHARGING RATE AND CUT OFF VOLTAGE
People who says that their batteries dies within 3 to 6 months or they start to experience low backup time very soon then they should cross verify the cut off voltage at which charging stops and the charging rate. If your these two variables are set properly then your battery will not give you unexpected surprises and plus it has a good electrolyte then trust me, it will easily go above 2.5 years provided battery does not have any manufacturing fault.
THINGS WHICH ONE SHOULD CONSIDER BEFORE BUYING A UPS SYSTEM AND SELECTING BATTERIES FOR IT.
Imported ups will definitely will save you from many problems, as you won?t have to worry about cut off voltage at which charging stops, low cut off voltage at which ups should trip, load setting which indicates the maximum load which ups can take, output voltages if you want to run your TV or computers on ups but still people do make a mistake even once buying the imported UPS system. Which is that they don?t consider reading the maximum charging rate at which ups starts to charge the batteries and they correspondingly don?t select the correct battery. Most of the imported ups system starts to charge the batteries at 10-12 Volts which implies that you should never buy a battery whose AMP-HR rating is below 150 least. Charging rate on imported UPS are fixed and can?t be manually adjusted. Good thing is that it charges the battery at three different charging rates which corresponds to the voltages on battery terminals which is a desirable thing.
IF YOU WANT TO RUN YOUR TV?S AND COMPUTERS ON UPS SYSTEMS:
IMPORTED UPS
Even if batteries are not in good health, imported ups will maintain the output voltage to 220 and would trip once batteries will discharge to a limit as set by factory. So we have no problem here.
LOCAL UPS:
But with local UPS systems, output voltage will drop once batteries are going to discharge. You should not set the output voltage of local ups to 220 volts once batteries are fully charged as by time once batteries will be completely discharge with voltage on battery terminal to be around 10.3 Volts then maybe your output voltage will drop to 160 to 180 Volts. That?s why it is important that output voltage maybe set to 250 or 255 volts so by the time once voltage on battery terminals should reach 10.3 Volts then output voltage may still be above 220 Volts. Otherwise, you will keep on experiencing burnt WIFI adopters, mobile charging adopters, wifi devices and TV?S.
Output voltage on ups is adjusted by fully charging the batteries and removing every device off from its output just in-order to be safe. Then you need to insert the voltmeter in its output and adjust the output voltage to a desired value using the onboard variable.
SOLAR INVERTERS, ON-GRID, OFF-GRID, BATTERIES COMPATIBILITY WITH INVERTER AND SOLAR PANELS
Not all solar inverters are compatible with solar panels or for matter of fact goes well with any sort of batteries may it be dry or lead acid batteries. Things will work, but will eventually ruin your battery bank very quickly for reasons discussed in thread below.
It is very important that one carefully selects the inverter which is able to provide the correct voltage needed to charge the batteries. Things such as inverter allows you to wire few solar panels in series, your load, inverter type, how different systems are integrated with each other at battery level, what should be your total panels output needed to charge the batteries and simultaneously power the attached load such that it does not kills your battery bank or leave it uncharged is discussed and how could your replace your ups with hybrid solar inverter which means saving in terms of electricity bills due to UPS.
I be happy to extend my experience and knowledge on subject matter either on thread below or on same thread.
https://www.pakwheels.com/forums/mechanical-electrical/276598-diy-solar-panel-installation-controller-selection-batteries
DISTILLED AND DE-IONIZED WATER SUPPLIERS
I will start adding the locations and address of agencies which provide distilled and de-ionized water here.
- Right now one of the members (@stonedsaint) have provided this address and I have verified this by calling them as they are offering de-ionized water at Rs 9/Liter. You should take your bottle along with you otherwise they charge Rs 500 non-refundable for big plastic container.
Location: Rawalpindi/Islamabad, Sector I-9
Mobile No: 03335685978
Landline Numbers: 051-4430067 & 051-4101005.
Address: Plot#277,street#1,I-9/3,Industrial Area, Islamabad.
Comments: Rs 9/Liter seems like a good deal.
- Pyrochem provides Electrolyte prepared with De-ionized water, those who are based in Lahore can contact them. Delivery Guy, according to one member @deltoid61 says that they may be able to provide in other cities.
Pyrochem (Pvt) Limited, 96-Bank Square Market, Model Town, Lahore - Pakistan.
Tel: +92-42-35839278 / 35854646, Fax: +92-42-35887366
E-mail: info@pyrochem.com.pk
Here is number of delivery Guy
0300-4729119
ASK FOR 4% TO 5% DISCOUNT ON ORIGINAL BATTERY PRICE IF YOU INTEND TO PREPARE YOUR OWN ELECTROLYTE OR BUY IT FROM ANOTHER SOURCE
Once you have confirmed the final price on a given battery then ask them for a discount if you intend to prepare the electrolyte yourself or buy It from somewhere else. most battery shops provide the discount happily if you want to use your own electrolyte.
I do it all the time once I buy a new battery and @deltoid61 has reported the same on post no: 1298
WRONG FLUSH PROCEDURE AND PRACTICES
I really find it hard to replay every one as people are making all sorts of mistake while making the flush and most of them are doing it blindly not knowing if it?s going to be successful or not. kindly judge before doing so and won?t be successful under the condition.
- You had been using dirty electrolyte right from start and batteries have gone bad or impurities are coated on the cells leaving very little active material behind.
- Batteries have died because of slow charging rate such that it enters into next cycle of load shedding without being properly charged or cutoff Voltage is badly set such as 27 Volts for double battery system.
- Or batteries are damaged because of overcharging such that one of the cells are now damaged.
- Or batteries have outlived its useful life and very less active material is left on the cells.
You may perform flush
- You can still perform flush if you know batteries had the bad electrolyte and still all cells are ok and now you want to replace it with good one.
- Once charging rate, cutoff voltage is properly setup and you feel in-between that now backup time has started to drop and then do it immediately.
MAIN REASON, LIGHT FLUSH IS PERFORMED.
As the battery sheds its lead to the bottom of the container, a conductive layer forms, and once the contaminated material fills the allotted space at bottom of the battery and conductive material reaches the plates then creates a shorting effect and sometimes conductive material gets stuck between two plates creating a short and drains the battery fast.
This condition only happens on a batteries which properly charges and discharges unlike batteries which never gets a chance to charge properly or die prematurely because of formation of sulfate crystals.
Perform flush, once your charging system is properly adjusted right from start and you have noticed that backup time is dropping then immediately perform flush so that you can eliminate above factor by doing so. I have been successful number of times in restoring the backup time as I understand what I am doing.
Even then you go ahead and perform flush without being successful then note that above factor was not responsible for reduced backup time.
Do it before a damage has occurred as nothing you will do later will bring a bad cell back to its life.
SPECIFIC GRAVITY AND PEOPLES CONFUSION
Electrolyte specific gravity is an indicator which tells that batteries are good or bad. To make it simple, just like we use voltmeter to measure dc voltage on battery terminals and AC output voltage, we use amp-meter to measure the charging rate on batteries as these values helps us tune our UPS, the same way Electrolyte specific gravity measured with help of hydrometer tells us lot about how good your batteries are. It?s little tricky to draw conclusions out after reading the specific gravity so don?t start getting worried very quickly. So understand it this way, that you cannot answer few question by a single answer, same is the case with S.G reading. You need to consider following before drawing any conclusion.
Specific gravity reading should always be taken on a fully charged batteries, as during discharging, sulfuric acid within electrolyte gets absorbed in cells whereas during charging sulfuric acid comes out to mix with the electrolyte within batteries so you will never observe a good value if you will take those readings on a fully discharged batteries, may your batteries have no issues and you may keep on getting worried for nothing.
Once, new electrolyte is added in batteries (on new batteries or after flush) with ups properly tuned, then it takes approximately two weeks for batteries to show its true S.G value. This is because, the sulfuric acid content within the electrolyte is heavy and goes down to settle in bottom. Within repeated charging and discharging, it gives ample chance for both the contents in electrolyte which is sulfuric acid and distilled water to mix with each other. If you know, your UPS is properly turned then don?t get immediately worried after adding the electrolyte in batteries.
Variation of SPECIFIC GRAVITY between different cells straightaway points towards a problem with one or with more cells. You can jump to the conclusion directly here.
Kindly take into account, if I misquoted somewhere that if you need to increase the specific gravity then add electrolyte with higher specific gravity into it. Normally if electrolyte was prepared with right adjustments in start then you don?t need to do this throughout the life span of battery so always add distilled water if level of electrolyte drops later at any stage. Later if you see that all the cells are showing 1250 or 1230 specific gravity except one which is showing 1160 then that?s an indicator that this cell is bad. Adding electrolyte with higher specific gravity will not solve the problem. It?s up-to you, if you want to perform the flush or any other exercise which may recover the cell before it completely goes bad.
ISSUE WITH BATTERY REPAIR SHOPS: INSTALLING NEW LEAD PLATES
Analyze the issue, every battery designed or manufactured is on certain AMP-HR ratings that is dictated by cells cross section area, thickness and lead plates in every cell.
Now if you have a 200 AMP-HR battery which you have given to the repair shop, then how do you expect that to attach the same numbers of plates in every cell that they will use the same cross section area and thickness depending upon the AMP-HR ratings?
These repair people are mostly uneducated and they have standard plates which they fit in every battery thus this alters the original AMP-HR ratings.
Once a battery which used to be off 200 AMP-HR rating was charged at 15 Amperes of current by UPS has now became maybe of 70 AMP-HR rating and has become unfit to be charged at the same rate.
God knows, where they buy the lead plates from and what about its quality s and above all, I once got the job done from them on two of my 200 Amp-hr batteries and lead plates which they fit in were of a very small size as compared to what it came from factory originally.
And they charged me RS 4000 for single battery, not worth the time and money to be wasted on it and above all it died within first two months with much reduce backup time.
DEEP CYCLE BATTERIES VS ORDINARY STARTER LEAD ACID BATTERIES:
Difference between deep cycle batteries and ordinary lead acid batteries are the plate specification, deep cycle batteries have been designed for UPS/INVERTERS, solar panels and to be used with wind turbines, have think plates and can considerably discharge to a lower limit such as 50% of the batteries capacity where as ordinary lead acid batteries can only be discharged to 80% then they would require charging again, have thin plates with large surface area and very good for cranking vehicles as it can deliver high voltage for a very short duration of time as needed for the application. So there is a tradeoff between cold cranking voltages and backup time.
Recently I have seen phoenix batteries in Pakistan producing UGS series specifically designed for UPS/INVERTERS. Although, the site does not clearly labels its as deep cycle batteries but still should be preferred over ordinarily lead acid batteries because of thicker plate size as desired and will surely last for a longer time. I am sure, they will not try to rip people by increasing their price just for heck free publicity they are getting from here.
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN 12 VOLT UPS AND 24 VOLT UPS:
Many find this confusing, so you can understand this way that lead acid battery manufacturers develop batteries in 12Volt format, so now UPS manufacturer?s designs a system in-order to get connected to 12 Volt battery or two 12 Volts batteries connected in series to make it a 24 Volts system just in-order to double the backup time for those who desire such system.
Connecting batteries in series doubles the voltage but AMP-HR rating for the system would remain same. Which just says that formula which is applicable for calculating the maximum allowable charging rate for 12 Volt battery bank will also apply to a 24 Volt battery bank. Let me explain this with example, if you have 160 AMP-HR battery connected with 12Volts system then maximum allowable charging rate for this case is 160/10=16, now if you have two 160AMP-HR batteries connected in series on 24Volt system then again maximum allowable charging rate will again be 16 amperes for this setup, it?s just that now you can run the same load for double the time on 24Volts setup.
If novices does not wants to confuse himself, then don?t read further. You must be thinking that I can connect two batteries of same capacity on 12 Volts UPS system in parallel configuration which will also double the backup time. Then answer is that you are right, but here you will have to add up the AMP-HR capacities of both the batteries in-order to calculate the new maximum allowable charging rate and discharging rate.
In parallel configuration with two 160 AMP-HR batteries, you can now charge your system at 32 amperes of maximum allowable charging rate as current divides in parallel configuration. So in short, if your 12 volts one battery could have lit maximum 15 of the energy savers for one hours than 24 battery bank can light the same for 2 hours. Now, once you will add two batteries in parallel on 12 Volts system then you can increase the number of bulbs to 30, can either lit those 30 for one hour or turn 15 off to light yet another 15 for two hours. Hope, you must have got it as I could not make it simpler this this.
P.S: in above example, I have ignored the limitations imposed by UPS on a battery bank, like few have safety switches, which will go off if you will try to light 30 energy savers for 1 hour on 12 Volts system with two batteries in parallel.
WHAT DOES 700W, 1000W AND 3000W UPS MEAN:
I don?t think, that local ups manufacturer or local shops who prepare the transformers or individual parts understands what it really means by term 700W. But in case of imported UPS, we surely do know.
LIMITS IMPOSED ON UPS BY MANUFACTURER
The word 700W says that (P=VI, 700=220*I, I=3.181 Amperes) at any moment, if you will exceed the load by 3.181 ac amperes, the UPS will not handle it and has a safety switch which will go off or UPS will shut down without giving you a warning.
Purpose of this limit is that beyond 3.181amperes of current, you ups equipment can get damaged so safety switch will go off, but there are limits on batteries as well and we want the ups to shut down if that is also being abused as otherwise we may experience voltage drop on output lines which will damage the attached electrical systems.
MAXIMUM LIMITS OF YOUR BATTERIES
Lead Acid batteries its self-have defined specs which clearly quotes amount of maximum current it can handle. Formula says that lead acid batteries should not be discharged at rate AMP-HR rating/6, or AMP-HR rating/4 or in extreme AMP-HR rating/3, below that you will definitely experience abnormal behavior such as dimming of lights, burnt tv?s, adopters, wifi devices.
EXAMPLE:
Maximum discharging rate: 200/6 turns out to be 66.666 dc amperes. Formula roughly says that you should not go near this limit but if you do, it may handle this for a while, exceeding this will immediately let you have it.
Pin=Pout, 12*66.6666=220 *I ac, I ac=3.63
Now, after reading above two readings, you can clearly make out that this UPS will go well with 200 amp-hr batteries and will protect you against an undesirable voltage drop.
PURPOSE OF LIMITS: dimming of lights is an undesirable thing on ups especially if you have attached power adopters, TV?s on it. If family member accidently connects an Iron on UPS line, then you would want the entire system to shutdown rather than experiencing a voltage drop as that can burn any delicate electrical instrument attached to your line.
RULE OF THUMB: MAXIMUM LOAD LIMIT OF BATTERIES> Load LIMIT IMPOSED on UPS
LOCAL UPS: local UPS has a variable on UPS card, through which you can easily make this adjustment. UPS shops has a circuit board on which they have different bulbs of different ratings, by turning on different bulbs of different ratings, they can make this adjustment on ups cards provided if you ask them to do so forcefully.
PERSONALLY: if I had to buy a local ups, I would buy a 3000watt ups or maybe 2000watt, considering my 160AMP-HR bank, I would calculate things like this, amp-hr/4, 160/4=40, Pin=Pout, 12*40=220*I ac, I ac=2.181, I would have my ups trip by manually tuning if Ac load exceeds 2.181 amperes.
TOTAL DISSOLVED SOLIDS (TDS) IN WATER AND ITS IMPLICATIONS ON BATTERY
Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) are the total amount of mobile charged ions. Including minerals, salts, or metals dissolved in given volume of water expressed in units of mg per unit volume of water or also referred as parts per million (ppm)
In short, batter water is a normal water from which dissolved salts and minerals have been removed either by a process known as distillation or de-ionization.
Ideally battery water should have a TDS value varying from 0-10 ppm
Ideal drinking water should have TDS value between 0-500.
RED BATTERY WATER SOLD IN MARKET IS A FRAUD.
Recently after having bought the TDS meter from aliexpress.com, I got the chance to test things after having bought 100 liters of de-ionized water from a reliable supplier based in plot#277, street 1, I-9/3 and a regular bottle of battery water being sold in open market for Rs. 30 per 200ml for sake of testing.
To my surprised, the RED battery water sold in market had a TDS value of 615 whereas home tab water had a TDS value of 339 and de-ionized water bought from source mentioned on main thread had the TDS value of 3. In-order to verify things, I further went to 6 different shops and bought the red colored battery water from different sources and non-had a TDS value below 500.
You can very well understand that you being ripped in market, made to buy water which is not even near fit for its intended use.
TDS VALUES OF DE-IONIZED WATER (BATTERY WATER) AVAILABLE IN MARKET FROM DIFFERENT MANUFACTURER:
-
Volta battery water?s TDS value turned out to be 466 ppm posted on message no 2259, page 113 on this thread with pictures and compared with Nestle water with TDS value of 176.
2. Guard battery water?s TDS value turned out to be 345 ppm posted on message no 2272, page 114 on this thread with pictures and compared with my Home Tab water with TDS value of 195.
- Aone Spark battery water TDS value turned out to be 741 ppm posted on message no 2304, page 116 on this thread with pictures and compared with my Home Tab water with TDS value of 217 this time as expected as this is a running water. So clearly Aone Spark battery water is also not fit for batteries.
- AGS Battery Tonic TDS value turned out to be 005 ppm posted on message no 2327, page 117 on this thread with pictures by @ Me4726. I am glad to see, least AGS is not cheating on her buyers. Later, I also got a chance to perform test on AGS tonic bought from another shop and TDS value turned out to be 004 ppm, consistent with earlier reading taken by a member.
-
Valley Ultra Distilled water, contact no: 051-4430067, 051-4101005, email address: nfsvalley@hotmail.com TDS results turned out to be 004 ppm posted on message no: 2322, page 117 with results posted by @asjdsm. I also have taken the TDS reading and picture can also be seen in last image of main body of thread in a cup with a TDS meter inserted.
- Battery water being sold under the name of “BATTERY TONIC with AGS battery’s picture on it” has TDS value turned out to be 339 ppm posted on message no 2875, page 144 on this thread with picture.
-
TDS value of De-ionized water from Pryo Chemicals turned out to be 32ppm, test was done on a single sample of De-ionized water bottle bought from a PSO pump in DHA Lahore.
I will keep on adding the results here, few brothers have ordered the TDS meter online and they would be able to re-verify the readings later. Anyway, above is a disturbing trend, since most of us don?t have a choice so I would advise you to prefer Nestle Drinking water over this crap being sold in market to top up the batteries for time being till we are not able to locate a good supplier.