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The influence of vehicles used for transportation before the coming of the automobile, namely carriages and bicycles, resulted in the primitive layout and construction of pioneer cars. These were termed"horseless carriages."In 1891. Panhard-Levassor obtained a patent to produce a car whose design resembled Daimler's all-steel car of 1888. The company began manufacturing this car in 1899. Its unprecedented design augmented the foundation of automotive technology. The car's engine was positioned in the very front of the body, followed by the clutch and transmission. The drive shaft and differential gear mechanism powered the rear-wheel-drive FR system, the first system of its kind. Being the first with the tiller-type steering, this 1901 model was equipped with a round steering wheel and tilted steering column adopted from the Ackerman system.
Penhard et Levassor B2(1901)France
Cadillac first production
Leland, famous for his precision craftsmanship at the pistol maker, Colt Co., founded the Cadillac Company in 1902,after bypassing the Detroit Automobile Company. His first accomplishment was the Cadillac Model A, designed by the renowned Henry Ford. Its engine was adapted from Oldsmobile,featuring a single-cylinder,water-cooled system equipped with planetary gears,providing one reverse and two forward gears.The distinguishing feature of this car was a radiator system,which returned steam released from the radiator during operation back into the engine so as not to disturb the passengers.The feature,combined with its unique pressed steel-constructed frame, resulted in a strong demand for the car.
Cadillac model A (1902)USA
BAKER ELECTRIC
Despite the emergence of affordable gasoline cars, American manufacturers continued to produce electric cars. Firstly, electric cars were quite popular among women passengers and drivers at this time because the automobiles discharged very little fumes and did not involve the problems of hand cranking that were associated with the new gasoline cars. Furthermore, Selden still held a patent for gasoline cars which made gasoline cars more expensive because of royalty payments.The Baker Electric(1899-1915)was one of the more famous of these electric cars because it was the first to incorporate the bevel-gear system.It had a 1hp motor,using a ball bearing system,making it capable of speeds of up to 40km/hr.
Baker Electric(1902)USA
The Stanley Automobile Manufacturing Company began making steam-powered cars in 1897. It consistently sought to find ways to improve its cars every year and succeeded in achieving great success with the special"Bonnet-Style"model released in 1905. The car's boiler was positioned in the front end of the car with an enclosed water tank, and it employed a two-cylinder slide-valve engine under the floor. However, there was no gearbox and so the axle was directly powered into high gear.
Only the Stanley“Steamer,”with its many attractive features, was kept in production until around 1927. It was quiet, vibrated little during operation, was easy to handle at full torque, and could reach very high speeds. In fact, at Ormond Beach in Florida, the Stanley set a world speed record of 127.66mph in 1906.
Stanley Steamer Model E2(1909)USA
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