Well basically the oem standard filters are meant to be used for 15k km written in manufacturer manuals. But this thing varies. Like the environment kills the filter for like 10-12k km.
So if you're using liquimoly, amsoil or mobil oils which are meant for long drain intervals, you can drain at 10-12k mark safely...
If you're using other oils, drain it at 4-5k km.
However if you personally choose to replace oil filter at 7-8k km, it would be a performance oriented approach hence it would be better for ur car, but you would need additional 0.7-0.8L of oil addition due to oil filter replacement...
But if u say will the car engine be damaged at 10k so it is a no. It won't get damaged, you can use safely till 10-12k km.