Look at point #1 below.
CV joint (constant velocity joint) is also called axle in karachi although technically this may not be the exactly right name (because what can actually be classified as beam axle or solid axle is present only at the rear wheel sets in FWD cars). Goda is the punjab-side word for CV joint.
Qenchi is same as chimta/chimti. Qenchi is the urdu word (means karachi mechanics) and chimta/chimti is the punjabi word.
Gattri is actually a chassis cross member. Most frequently the one under the radiator rusts. I think it is adopted from 'girder' (as in chassis girder). There are multiple gattri-s in a car, and any denter/painter can used the word gattri for any part of the body he/she likes. (Means gattri is a loosely defined term).
Don't know.
No, the english for chimta is control arm. For more info about it, look at #2.
Look at point #1, in the picture it is actually the CV joint boot, and since CV joint is locally called axle the rubber cover is called the axle boot.
Chamber = sump or also called crank case. (As in fill the oil to this level in crank case).
Garari is used locally for both sprocket and gear. Whereas gear works with another gear and sprocket works with a chain.